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| Chapter VI. Accelerating the Advancement of Urbanization, and Promoting harmonious Progress of Different Areas | | | 2006-03-20 11:18:53 | To coordinate economic development in different regions, we need to further improving the planning of district function, guide the allocation of productive forces and factors scientifically. Therefore, a new economic pattern will take shape, which means the economy in urban and county areas will be enhanced together with distinguished functions and orientations.
Part 1. Defining Overall Regional Function Areas
The administrative region of the city will be divided into four function zones: the optimized zone, the keystone zone, the limited and the forbidden zone in accordance with the carrying capacity of resources, the carrying capacity of environment, the current economic situation and the potential of economic development. We shall improve relevant policies and standardize the order in exploiting the areas. Optimized Developing Zone refers to areas where the resources have been intensively utilized and the environmental capacity is within striking distance of saturation. These districts, unsuitable for large-scale exploitation, include the downtown area, some parts of Zhenhai, Beilun, Yuyao and Cixi. They serve as the pivot function zone for most urban area and will assume the full tasks of centralization, radiation, innovations and services. The priority here will be given to optimizing structure, bettering economic returns and improving its functions. Consequently, we will strictly circumscribe the expansion of low-level industries, take initiative to change the economic growth mode and optimize the layout of urban areas and industries. Modern industries, high-tech industries and urban industries will be promoted primarily here to realize its core function in the metropolis and the area will be highly suitable for habitation and commerce as well. Core Developing Zone refers to areas with relatively abundant carrying capacity of resources and high demand for economic advancement. They are suitable for relatively large-scale industrial development and urban construction. Some of these regions lie in the “13+1” provincial developing zones and spread along the shore, the bay or along expressways and others in the eastern new urban area, Yingzhou new urban area, Zhenhai new urban area, Jiangbei, Dongqian lake tourist resorts and so on. This developing zone is expected to function as special industrial cluster with international competitiveness in Yangtze river delta and also as the base of advanced manufacturing industries in Ningbo. To this end, we shall enhance the infrastructure and improve investment environment there, and actively follow the worldwide industry shift, and therefore strive for the establishment of the base of advanced manufacturing industry. Meanwhile, based on the prerequisite of environmental protection and better economic returns, we will devote more efforts to advance the development and guide the gathering of population and industries. Gradually, it will play a fundamental role in supporting the economic progress as well as the living of the entire population of the whole city. Limited Developing Zone includes such places as forested terrain, areas of crossed rivers, farmland, coastal areas and so on, where the carrying capacity of resources are relatively meager and the economy is insufficiently promoted. It is defined as an ecological function zone, used for providing landscape care, conserving water and soil and regulating climate. While putting the protection of environment at the top list, we will develop the economy moderately in given spots and control the intensity and dimension of the development. Further more, we need to enforce strict industry entrance standard, adjust measures to local conditions and encourage ecology-friendly industry and tourism. We will also strengthen environment protection and modification in polluted areas. While rehabilitating and maintaining the ecosystem, we will also transfer part of the population to important and prior developing areas.
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Diagram 10. Restricted and Forbidden Areas for Development |
- Restricted areas include: 1. function districts with comparatively valuable ecological environment; 2. reserved land for further urban expansion; 3. function districts for ecological breeding
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- Forbidden developing zone is of pivotal importance as an ecological service function region, where any construction impairing the ecology environment will not be allowed. It contains three sorts of areas: 1.Fourteen districts that can provide drinking water, covering a total area of 176.3 square km. 2. one nature reserve, covering an area of 58.84 square km. 3. five forest parks, covering an area of 57.1 square km.
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Forbidden developing zone is made up of water source sites and the land used for preserving the water, nature reserve, forest parks, wetlands, ecological corridor and so on. These places are considerably valuable in terms of eco-environment protection, historical and cultural protection. Mandatory protection will be reinforced according to the related laws and activities that may damage the eco-environment must be prohibited. While enhancing the safeguard of the forest eco-system and the diversity of biological communities we will prevent water source sites and areas conserving the water from polluted. At the same time, inning should be firmly constricted in coastal areas, the ecological wetlands should be further protected and the eco-system balance in sea area should be maintained. Policy on regional development. We will implement different policies according to the specific function definition. Classified assessment, in optimized developing zone, we shall improve the assessment of the structural readjustment, resources consumption and the development of service industry. As for the core developing zone, comprehensive assessment on economic growth, quality and economic returns will be stressed. In the limited and forbidden developing zones, resources and environment will be emphasized while economic progress will not be our focus. Fiscal policy. More substantial financial support will be granted for the self- innovation and structural readjustment in optimized zones and core developing zones. Besides making more investment in the transfer of population and vocational training in limited developing zones, we will increase ecological compensation and transfer payments in forbidden developing zone. Industrial policy. We aim to lead the optimized developing zone to get rid of industries that use backward technology and have high consumption of energy and materials. We will also advance the structure upgrading. In core developing zone, construction of industrial infrastructure and the clusters of industry will be forwarded. While promoting characteristic industries in the limited and forbidden developing zones, we will also prevent environmental pollution. Land policy We will circumscribe the provision of land for further residence construction in optimized developing zones and pay more attention to exploiting the full potential and regulate the utilization of the land. However, more land will be granted for the core developing zones where the efficiency of land exploitation will be improved. We will direct the land supply for the limited developing zone, and carry out strict policy to regulate and control the exploitation of land in forbidden developing zone. Regions to be chiefly developed and protected during the “11th-five-year” period We shall confirm series of functional regions that must be especially developed, protected and upgraded, on the basis of scientific division of function zones and in conformity with the requirement of function construction.
Diagram 11. Regions to be chiefly developed and protected during the “11th-five-year” period |
- Sanjinagkou district It includes the extending areas around the conjunction of three rivers and serves as the vital function zone of the whole Sangjiang region. We will pay special attention to the advancement of such modern industries here as finance, insurance, logistic distribution, intermediary services. And the second industries and residential communities with low-density will be transformed. This district will become the municipal business center for the purpose of strengthening urban functions and elevating city.
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- Yingzhou new urban area. It is a predominant component of downtown area as well as the economic, cultural and administrative center. Together with an enlarged overall scale and an optimized function layout, it will be integrated with the downtown area both in terms of space and function. Modern service industries will be chiefly developed, namely, the commerce, logistic distribution, tourism, real estate and so on. We will shape this district into a modern and ecology-friendly urban area.
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- The eastern new urban. We will give prominence to modern service industries here like business exhibition, administration, finance and insurance. With its contribution, Ningbo, as a port city, will provide better services for international trade. Furthermore, this district will become a supportive platform for the flourishing of international trade service industries in Yangtze River Delta and the supply of advanced manufacturing industries. Therefore, it will serve as a monumental district which can demonstrate the image of Ningbo.
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- Dongqian Lake tourist resort zone. Abundant in gorgeous landscapes and waters, this area will be designed especially to attract tourists for visiting, vacation and entertainment. It is expected to become a place where conferences and exhibitions can be held and water entertainment can be provided. A national ecological tourist resort and the “back yard garden” of Shanghai will also be in our blueprint.
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- Ningbo technological industrial zone. It includes Ningbo technology- science zone and Ningbo central industrial zone. It is a modern and advanced intelligence-intensive industrial zone and a knowledge-based service zone. We will devote our efforts to the industries of telecommunication, new materials and electro-mechanics. With the strict control on investment and output density, Class B products and Class C products will not have chance to appear in the zone.
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- Zhenhai new urban area. It extends from the East Waihuan Road to the 329 national highway in the west, from round-the-city expressway in the north to the Yongjiang River in the south. The population here is expected to reach 250,000. It is one of the most important parts of Sanjiang District in downtown area and the Ningbo Advanced Education Zone. Characterized by scientific research, education, business, residential environment, administration and high-tech industries, it will serve as the economic, cultural and administrative center according to the planning of Zhenhai district.
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- Ningbo chemical industry zone. It is of paramount importance in the planning of Ningbo petrochemical industry. It consists of Ningbo Chemical Industry Zone, Zhenhai Economic Developing Zone and the eastern part of Cixi Industrial Zone. We shall take the opportunity of the progress of the ethylene program to forge relatively complete petrochemical industry chain. With the development of advanced liquid chemical industry and logistics, it will become a logistics industrial zone.
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- Beilun port industrial zone. As a significant portside industrial base in Ningbo, it is a fundamental part of the center of Shanghai international shipping industry. Here, we shall advance the construction of the economic and technological development zone, the bonded area and the Daxie developing zone. At the same time, we shall forward modern logistics and port industries such as the petrochemical industry, energy and iron-steel industry. In addition, high-tech industries, such as software, electronic information and new materials industry will also be developed.
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- Yuhang-Cixi-Hangzhou-bay new zone. It is a combination of modern industrial zone and ecology-friendly new urban area, covering the northern Yuyao Industrial Zone and the Cixi- Hangzhou-bay new districts. The main tasks here are to incorporate and improve the functional blocks, perfect the infrastructure network and better adequate and systematic services, advance the regional integration and take care of the conservation of eco-environment. 40 km2 lands will be added to this zone for further construction.
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- Yingzhou-Fenghua industrial cluster. This area is indispensable to the central urban district and the base of high-tech industry. It comprises of the Wangchun Industrial Zone, Mingzhou Industrial Zone and Fenghua Economic Developing Zone. We plan to integrate and exalt current industrial zones here, lift the industrial entrance standard and encourage the clustering of electronic information, new materials and biological engineering.
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- Xiangshan port zone. As an ecological and economic port and a base of marine industry, it enjoys a national reputation. As a result, we shall extract and protect marine resources in accordance with the policy of “conserving it with proper utilization, and exploiting it with great care”. Moreover, industries with local features will be encouraged, including the ecological tourism, marine fishing and the modern logistics industry. In addition, cleaning industry and ecological residential communities will bourgeon appropriately. The industry entrance standard will become highly strict and programs that might cause pollution will absolutely be banned.
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Part 2. Optimizing the Outlay of Regional Development
We will implement the strategy of “ Expanding the East, Connecting the North, Comprehensively Planning the South, Boosting the central area” according to the requisite of regional functional classification and the principle of giving play to comparative advantages and the overall regional development . Eventually, we shall achieve the space intensivism and harmonious development.
1. Clarifying the orientation for the construction in the South and the North
In the northern Yuhang and Cixi district, the prominence will be given to enhance the Hangzhou Bay new area and the northern Yuyao industrial zone. With the export-oriented processing zone in Cixi as a leader, we shall make a comprehensive plan so that we can integrate the resources, coordinate regional development, restructure and improve traditional industries such as plastics, molding and electronic appliances industry. In addition, we will also spare no efforts to forward modern logistics and boom the follow-up industry so as to accelerate the construction of the “economic circle surrounding the great bridge” and form an industrial center in the northern urban area in Ningbo. As for the southern region, the Xiangshan harbor area is the crucial strategic space for the sustainable development in our city. Naturally, we should persistently protect it while utilize it so that it can exert the advantage in terms of ecological and marine resources. We should also intensively boost the entertaining industry, tourist industry, the modern fishing and international logistics industry here. Besides, with a significantly improved infrastructure there, the cleaning industry and the construction of ecological residential community should be properly forwarded in order to turn this region into an eco-economy harbor area and a base of modern marine industry as well.
2. Developing a strong city with marine economy
We will exploit marine resources appropriately relying on the advantages of port resources. While giving prominence to developing supporting industries involving costal industry, service industry, tourism and marine fishery, we should expand the comprehensive scale and promote the equality and efficiency to achieve comparative advantages. Efforts should be made to implement the strategy of prospering the marine economy through sci-technology, set up and improve the innovation system of marine technology. Much work will also be needed to cultivate more than ten marine corporations with high-technology and develop series of marine industries with high growing potentiality. We will set up an example of transferring from relatively strong city to highly strong city with marine economy in Zhejiang province. We need to intensify our efforts to protect marine resources and environment, carry out the managerial system of marine functional distribution and the utilization of marine space. Low-lying beach land, resources along beach land and islands without residence should be given rational conservation as well as appropriate exploitation. While strengthening the control of pollutants in the ocean, a prominent place will be given to handle pollution in important marine areas. We will work out comprehensive infrastructure development and further improve transportation network of connecting land with ocean.
3. Supporting and accelerate development in underdeveloped regions
We will concentrate on shortening the distance of life quality in different regions and insist on market-oriented operation with governmental promotion to speed up the development in underdeveloped areas such as old revolutionary areas, mountainous areas and islands. Those regions will be encouraged to develop ecological economy and their own industries with local characteristics. Much work will be needed to encourage local residents to go down the hill and immigrate to the islands, thus the transformation of redundant labor in countryside and the combination of self-accumulation and assistance from outside can be realized. Vigorous efforts will also be made to strengthen the support for financial transformation, develop vocational training programs, improve public service facilities and promote social security system.
4. Setting up an effective and lasting system for regional coordinated development
We will give full play to practice the fundamental function of market in the process of regional coordinated development, and give more support to the underdeveloped regions. Meanwhile, the financial transformation payment system should be set up and improved. While promoting the ecological compensative system, we will also provide more compensation to ecological functional regions in the south. In addition, we will set up a coordinated mechanism to encourage the cooperation between mountainous regions and the sea and between the south and the north. Assistance to poverty and development in a hand-in-hand way between the relatively advanced region and the relative poor region will be facilitated. We will also mobilize all the social forces to offer help to underdeveloped regions in multiple ways.
Part 3. Accelerating the Process of Urbanization
In accordance with the strategic plan of creating an economic circle in Ningbo city made by provincial government, we will further improve the urban functions, promote town system, optimize the overall arrangement of space and speed up the urbanization process. By 2010, the rate of urbanization will reach more than 65% and a basic framework of a modern international port city will take shape.
1. promoting the function of urban center
We will expand the dimension of urban centers appropriately, optimize urban function, enrich urban connotation and enhance the urban quality. By 2010 the urban center is expected to reach an area of 267 square kilometers. The level of industries led by service sectors in Sanjiang areas will be enhanced and innovative and comprehensive service functions will be promoted. We will optimize and upgrade traditional service sectors and develop modern service sectors such as business exhibition, financial insurance, touring recreation and modern logistics. We will speed up the rebuilding of the old city, essentially complete the project of building villages in the cities, strengthen the protection of historical areas and promote the development of functional regions in those commercial districts along Heyi Road and Yinfeng Road. Prominence should be given to developing housing economy, upgrading urban service capability and cultural quality .The function of commercial districts and central regions in the historic cultural city will be promoted. The cultural Corridor in Sanjiang areas will be established and the development in Wantou Peninsula and western region of Jiangbei Area will be accelerated vigorously. To meet the demand of creating “The Masterpiece of Century”, we need to facilitate the development of new cities in eastern areas on a large scale and work out a basic framework of developing commercial center and administrative center. We will intensify our efforts to form a landmark district showing the image of a modern international city. We will essentially complete the construction of core district with an area of 8.45 square kilometers by 2010 for the purpose of presenting a superb image of Ningbo city. Important regional development in the new urban areas such as Yinzhou, Beilun, Zhenhai, tourism resort of Dongqian Lake and sci-technological garden will be advanced. We will also improve infrastructure, optimize the layout of industries and promote the clustering of residents as well as their adaptation to urban centers. The development of urban management information system will be expedited, and the urban management system will be balanced. We will also perform market-oriented operation mechanism, raise the awareness of serving people and comprehensively improve the level of modernization in urban management
2. Speeding up the development of secondary central city and central towns
The functions of city will be made clear and developing characteristics will be strengthened to promote the growing of secondary city. Great work will be needed to enhance the driving force of the secondary city, which will bring immediate benefits to county economy. We will encourage development in multiple and mixed ways with different competitiveness in the hope of building a medium-sized modern city with precise distribution, good infrastructure and distinctive features. Yuyao, Cixi will be developed on the basis of optimizing their overall arrangement and grow into northern centers of Ningbo City. Xiangshan, Ninghai and Fenghua will develop into modern medium-sized cities on a preliminary level. Central towns perform as a connecting link in urbanization. We need to focus on cultivating 13 town centers, improving infrastructure, expanding the overall scale and advance distinct features in accordance with the requirement of comprehensive planning, infrastructure first and advancing steadily. Great efforts have to be made to develop socialist countryside, create suitable conditions to transfer abundant labor force in rural areas to the central towns and build small modern cities with distinct characteristics, advanced services and excellent management.
3. Strengthening infrastructure development of the city
Infrastructure network involving excellent transportation, communication, water provision, drainage, electricity and gas supply, pollution improvement, disaster prevention and control has to be enhanced according to the principle of going beyond the normal in an appropriate way. We will establish smooth and convenient transportation network in the city by developing railways and interval high-speed roads among different regions. These include South Road and North Road around the city along with the transportation system of four joint lines, six high speed roads and eighteen main roads. Additionally, railway No.1 is to be started and the passenger system with public transportation-orientation will be set up. As a result, the routine availability of public transportation will be up to 30%. The construction of parking lots for public transportation will speed up by creating 4000 harborages. We need to build a public transit system with the focus on construction of passenger traffic pivots and logistic centers. We will also upgrade various information transmission networks to fulfill the project of one network and seven systems. The infrastructure of information system, including telecommunication, China Mobile, China Unicom and China Netcom should be improved for the purpose of developing a digital, broadband and intelligent electronic information system. The power grid development in Ningbo will be accelerated in light of the opportunity of the national development for 30 power grids in major cities. The development of the natural gas ductwork in East China Sea will be carried out to facilitate the coordinated construction of natural gas ductwork, distribution stations and other related facilities dealing with gas. Great efforts are also needed to develop series of ducting systems and set up a group of sewage plants and garbage treatment facilities. The treatment rate of sewage is expected to reach more than 80% by 2010.
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Diagram 14. Infrastructure of Transportation in Urban Center |
- High speed road and joint lines: Prominence should be given to 4 joint lines encompassing joint lines of Yong Jin Expressway, Hangzhou Bay Bridge and urban area, Tongsan Road and Shugang, Yong Zhou Bridge; and 6 high speed roads of North Road around the city, South Road around the city, Beiyan section of West Road around the city (Airport Road), East Road around the city, Tongtu Road and Beilun section of Binhai Road.
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- Main roads: Concentrate on the construction of 18 main roads such as widening North Road around the city and Daqing Road, Jingjia Road, Yao’ai Road, etc.
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- Branch roads: Stress need to be laid on the branch roads including Wanshandalai Street, Zha Street, Dabu Street, Cangshui Street, Hutong Street, Yongshou Street, Stadium Road, Baiyang Road, Yonggui Road, Miaopu Road, etc.
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- Public transportation: Give prominence to the development of preferential system in public transportation. One or two lines for public transportation should be built.
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- every year. 200 vehicles have to be renewed and 200 more be added annually. Develop the pivot for transportation exchange with an area of 4000 to 6000 square meters, bus stops and parking lots. Meanwhile, adjust and further improve public transportation lines at present.
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- Railways: Strive for starting up Line No.1 of railway before 2010.
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- Static facilities of transportation: Much work is needed for adding 4000 public harborages, setting up 6000 parking watches, building up transportation centers for guidance and developing the intelligent inductive system for transportation.
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